How many chromosomes

do people have?

In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46.

Twenty-two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and

females. The 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, differ between males and females.

Females have two copies of the X chromosome, while males have one X and one

Y chromosome.

The 22 autosomes are numbered by size. The other two chromosomes, X and Y,

are the sex chromosomes. This picture of the human chromosomes lined up in

pairs is called a karyotype.

Credit: U.S. National Library of Medicine

The risk of developing type 1 diabetes is increased by certain variants of the

HLA-DQA1,HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DRB1 genes.